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F\u00fcr meinen Bruder sollte ich einen Lastenaufzug \u00fcber vier Etagen, zu einem normalen Preis konstruieren.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Meine Kompromissl\u00f6sung zwischen tats\u00e4chlich ben\u00f6tigter Gr\u00f6\u00dfe und kosteng\u00fcnstiger Bauteilbeschaffung ergab, dass der Lastenaufzug in einem Schacht von 80cm x 100cm untergebracht werden soll und 450 Kilogramm Nutzlast bei einem Nutzvolumen von 365 Litern haben soll.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Die Maurer fertigten w\u00e4hrend des Hausbaus den Schacht mit den Etagen\u00f6ffnungen in den von mir angegeben Gr\u00f6\u00dfen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Um im Schacht keinen Raum durch ein Gegengewicht zu vergeuden, w\u00e4hlte ich eine Winde welche 1000kg heben kann.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zu Beginn des Projektes studierte ich Konstruktionsnormen und Vorschriften f\u00fcr den Aufzugbau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Anschlie\u00dfend zeichnete ich einen Schaltplan f\u00fcr die elektrische Steuerung. Damit eventuell auftretende elektrische St\u00f6rungen von jedem normalen Elektriker behoben werden k\u00f6nnen w\u00e4hlte ich ein Steuersystem mit Relais und keine elektronische Steuerung wie z.B. Siemens-LOGO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bevor das Dach des Hauses gedeckt wurde, wurden die F\u00fchrungsschienen f\u00fcr den Fahrkorb (verzinkten T-Schienen) von oben in den Schacht eingef\u00fchrt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Um Zeit zu sparen und um den Schacht schnellst m\u00f6glich abzusichern, lies ich die Schachtt\u00fcren in einer Rohversion von einem Schreiner anfertigen und einbauen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Als n\u00e4chstes wurde ein I-Tr\u00e4gers am oberen Schachtende, und daran die Winde montiert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Das nur 1,5m lange Kabel des Steuertableaus schnitt ich ab und versah beide Enden mit Steckern, so dass ich ein 12m langes Kabel als Zwischenst\u00fcck anstecken konnte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Die Stromversorgung wurde w\u00e4hrend der Bauzeit \u00fcber eine Kabeltrommel sichergestellt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mein n\u00e4chster Schritt war die Herstellung von L-Winkelst\u00fccken von denen die eine H\u00e4lfte je ein Langloch in L\u00e4ngsrichtung sowie je ein rundes Loch f\u00fcr die Maueranker bekam. Die andere H\u00e4lfte bekam je ein Langloch in Querrichtung. Die Langl\u00f6cher ben\u00f6tigte ich, um die F\u00fchrungsschienen ausrichten zu k\u00f6nnen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Anschlie\u00dfend befestigte ich mit den Winkeln die T-Schienen im Schacht.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Um mir die Installation eines Ger\u00fcstes im Schacht zu ersparen, fuhr ich am Windenseil im Schacht auf und ab.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Als n\u00e4chstes konstruierte ich den Fahrkorb so, dass ich ihn zerlegen und im Schacht wieder zusammensetzen konnte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nachdem ich den Fahrkorb im Schacht montiert und an den F\u00fchrungsschienen justiert hatte, verkleidete ich ihn innen mit Holzplatten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nun konnte ich mich in den Fahrkorb stellen und ganz bequem die Steuerleitungen und Kontaktgeber im Schacht installieren.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jetzt begann ich die Etagentableaus zu fertigen, da ich keine fertigen Etagentableaus gefunden hatte, welche preislich akzeptabel gewesen w\u00e4ren.
Als Grundeinheiten verwendete ich Schl\u00fcsselschalter welche f\u00fcr die Aufputzmontage gedacht waren. Die Geh\u00e4use lie\u00df ich b\u00fcndig in den W\u00e4nden ein. Das Innenleben musste ich erheblich umarbeiten, damit zus\u00e4tzlich je vier Schalttaster und zwei Kontrollleuchten Platz hatten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Der n\u00e4chste Bauabschnitt war die Verdrahtung und Installation des Steuerschaltschranks. Um Standard-Industrierelais verwenden zu k\u00f6nnen w\u00e4hlte ich als Steuerspannung 24V Wechselstrom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In die Schlie\u00dfmechanismen der T\u00fcren baute ich nun Dreikanttaufnamen ein, wie es an Aufz\u00fcgen \u00fcblich ist. Diese dienen zur Notentriegelung der T\u00fcren. Die Notentriegelung kann nur mit einem passenden Dreikantschl\u00fcssel, wie sie die Feuerwehren, extra f\u00fcr Aufz\u00fcge haben, entriegelt werden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Danach baute ich in die Schacht\u00fcren und dessen Rahmen Reedkontakte und Mikroschalter ein. Der Mikroschalter schaltet beim Bet\u00e4tigen der T\u00fcrklinke einen elektrischen T\u00fcr\u00f6ffner frei, so dass die T\u00fcre ge\u00f6ffnet werden kann, nat\u00fcrlich nur, wenn der Fahrkorb hinter der T\u00fcre steht. Die Reedkontakte schalten die komplette Steuerung ab, solange eine T\u00fcre offen ist oder wenn eine T\u00fcre gewaltsam ge\u00f6ffnet wird ohne dass sich der Fahrkorb in der entsprechenden Etage befindet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Der letzte Bauabschnitt war die Funktions- und Sicherheitspr\u00fcfung. Der Fahrkorb wurde mit Gewichten gef\u00fcllt und von jeder Etage aus, in jede Etage geschickt. Au\u00dferdem wurden alle Sicherheitseinrichtungen auf ihre einwandfreie Funktion \u00fcberpr\u00fcft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n